MCQs on Research Methodology SET-2
11. Which of the following is a type of non-probability sampling technique?
A) Random sampling
B) Stratified sampling
C) Convenience sampling
D) Cluster sampling
Answer: C) Convenience sampling
12. What is the purpose of informed consent in research involving human subjects?
A) To ensure participants are paid for their time
B) To ensure participants are fully aware of the study’s purpose, procedures, and risks
C) To guarantee confidentiality of participants’ data
D) To provide participants with an opportunity to withdraw from the study at any time
Answer: B) To ensure participants are fully aware of the study’s purpose, procedures, and risks
13. Which of the following is NOT a type of qualitative data analysis?
A) Content analysis
B) Descriptive statistics
C) Thematic analysis
D) Grounded theory
Answer: B) Descriptive statistics
14. What is the term for a test’s ability to measure what it claims to measure?
A) Reliability
B) Validity
C) Generalizability
D) Precision
Answer: B) Validity
15. Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?
A) Standard deviation
B) Median
C) Range
D) Variance
Answer: B) Median
16. What type of research design involves studying the same group of individuals over an extended period?
A) Cross-sectional
B) Longitudinal
C) Experimental
D) Case study
Answer: B) Longitudinal
17. Which of the following is NOT a step in the quantitative research process?
A) Data collection
B) Hypothesis generation
C) Theory development
D) Data analysis
Answer: C) Theory development
18. What is the term for the phenomenon where participants modify their behavior because they are aware of being observed?
A) Social desirability bias
B) Hawthorne effect
C) Confirmation bias
D) Placebo effect
Answer: B) Hawthorne effect
19. Which of the following is NOT a criterion for establishing causality in research?
A) Temporal precedence
B) Covariation of cause and effect
C) Correlation
D) Absence of confounding variables
Answer: C) Correlation
20. What is the purpose of peer review in the research publication process?
A) To ensure research findings are accurate
B) To provide constructive feedback to authors
C) To determine whether a study is worthy of publication
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above