MCQs on Research Methodology SET-4
31. Which of the following is NOT a type of experimental design?
A) Pre-experimental design
B) Quasi-experimental design
C) True experimental design
D) Descriptive design
Answer: D) Descriptive design
32. What is the term for the phenomenon where participants provide responses they believe are socially acceptable rather than their true opinions?
A) Social desirability bias
B) Hawthorne effect
C) Confirmation bias
D) Placebo effect
Answer: A) Social desirability bias
33. Which of the following is NOT a qualitative data collection method?
A) Survey
B) Interview
C) Observation
D) Focus group discussion
Answer: A) Survey
34. Which of the following is an example of a continuous variable?
A) Gender
B) Marital status
C) Age
D) Country of residence
Answer: C) Age
35. Which of the following is NOT a type of probability sampling technique?
A) Cluster sampling
B) Convenience sampling
C) Stratified sampling
D) Random sampling
Answer: B) Convenience sampling
36. What is the term for a measure’s ability to produce consistent results when administered multiple times?
A) Validity
B) Reliability
C) Generalizability
D) Replicability
Answer: B) Reliability
37. Which of the following is a type of non-probability sampling technique?
A) Random sampling
B) Stratified sampling
C) Convenience sampling
D) Cluster sampling
Answer: C) Convenience sampling
38. What is the term for the phenomenon where participants modify their behavior because they are aware of being observed?
A) Social desirability bias
B) Hawthorne effect
C) Confirmation bias
D) Placebo effect
Answer: B) Hawthorne effect
39. Which of the following is NOT a criterion for establishing causality in research?
A) Temporal precedence
B) Covariation of cause and effect
C) Correlation
D) Absence of confounding variables
Answer: C) Correlation
40. What is the purpose of peer review in the research publication process?
A) To ensure research findings are accurate
B) To provide constructive feedback to authors
C) To determine whether a study is worthy of publication
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above