Here are some important multiple-choice questions MCQ for UGC NET Environmental Science, based on the syllabus and topics relevant to the December 2024 exam:
MCQ for UGC NET Environmental Science
1. Which of the following is NOT a component of the biosphere?
A) Atmosphere
B) Lithosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Technosphere
Answer: D) Technosphere
2. What is the primary greenhouse gas emitted by human activities?
A) Methane
B) Carbon Dioxide
C) Nitrous Oxide
D) Ozone
Answer: B) Carbon Dioxide
3. Which of the following processes is involved in the nitrogen cycle?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Denitrification
C) Respiration
D) Eutrophication
Answer: B) Denitrification
4. The term ‘biome’ refers to:
A) A large geographic area with similar climate and vegetation.
B) The total number of species in an ecosystem.
C) The variety of life in a particular habitat.
D) The interaction between living organisms and their environment.
Answer: A) A large geographic area with similar climate and vegetation.
MCQs on Environmental Studies
5. Which type of pollution is primarily caused by industrial activities?
A) Thermal Pollution
B) Soil Pollution
C) Air Pollution
D) Light Pollution
Answer: C) Air Pollution
6. What is the main purpose of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)?
A) To assess economic viability.
B) To evaluate potential environmental effects of a project.
C) To determine social impacts.
D) To estimate project costs.
Answer: B) To evaluate potential environmental effects of a project.
7. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?
A) Coal
B) Natural Gas
C) Solar Energy
D) Nuclear Energy
Answer: C) Solar Energy
8. What is the primary cause of acid rain?
A) Carbon Monoxide
B) Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides
C) Ozone Depletion
D) Heavy Metals
Answer: B) Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides
9. Which legislation in India focuses on the prevention and control of water pollution?
A) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Environment Protection Act, 1986
D) Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
Answer: B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
10. What does the term ‘sustainable development’ refer to?
A) Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations.
B) Development focused solely on economic growth.
C) Development that prioritizes environmental conservation over social needs.
D) Development that ignores ecological constraints.
Answer: A) Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations.
MCQ on Indian Geography for all Competitive Exams 2024